The main branches of mathematics are algebra, number theory, geometry and arithmetic. Based on these branches,  other branches have been discovered. Before the advent of the modern age, the study of mathematics was very limited. But over a period of time, mathematics has been developed as a vast and diverse topic. Development in Maths continues making large contributions to the field of technology. Hence, it is better termed as the Queen of Science.

From the early number system to the modern research areas of computational sciences and probability, a number of new areas have evolved with the base of mathematics. With the expansion of the scope and usage of the subject, there is a corresponding need to classify different branches of mathematics.

What are the Branches of Mathematics?

Mathematics can be broadly grouped into the following branches:

• Arithmetic: It is the oldest and the most elementary among other branches of mathematics. It deals with numbers and the basic operations- addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, between them.
• Algebra: It is a kind of arithmetic where we use unknown quantities along with numbers. These unknown quantities are represented by letters of the English alphabet such as X, Y, A, B, etc. or symbols. The use of letters helps us to generalize the formulas and rules and also helps you find the unknown missing values in the algebraic expressions and equations.
• Geometry: It is the most practical branch of mathematics that deals with shapes and sizes of figures and their properties. The basic elements of geometry are points, lines, angles, surfaces and solids.

There are some other branches of mathematics that you would deal with in the higher classes.

• Trigonometry: Derived from two Greek terms, i.e., trigon (means a triangle) and metron (means measurement), it is the study of relationships between angles and sides of triangles.
• Analysis: It is the branch that deals with the study of the rate of change in different quantities. Calculus forms the base of analysis.

List of branches of Maths

Pure Mathematics:

• Number Theory
• Algebra
• Geometry
• Arithmetic
• Combinatorics
• Topology
• Mathematical Analysis

Applied Mathematics

• Calculus
• Statistics and Probability
• Set Theory
• Trigonometry

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