Maths formulas for Class 10 are the general formulas that are not only crucial for Class 10 but also form the base for higher-level maths concepts. The maths formulas are also important in various higher education fields like engineering, medical, commerce, finance, computer science, hardware, etc. In almost every industry, the most common formulas introduced in class 10 are used.

The class 10 maths formulas include formulas related to real numbers, polynomials, quadratic equations, triangles, circles, statistics, probability, etc. These maths formulas will be extremely helpful for students to be able to solve questions more accurately and quickly.

List of Maths Formulas for Class 10 (Chapterwise)

The basic maths class 10 formulas are almost the same for all the boards. The list of maths formulas are:

• Pair of Linear Equation in Two Variables Formulas
• Algebra and Quadratic Equation Formulas
• Arithmetic Progression Formulas
• Trigonometry Formulas
• Circle Formulas
• Surface Area and Volume Formulas
• Statistics Formulas

Class 10 Maths Formulas PDF

Linear Equations

Pair of Linear Equations in two variables

Where

• a₁, b₁, c₁, a₂, b₂, and c₂ are all real numbers and
• a₁²+b₁² ≠ 0 & a₂² + b₂² ≠ 0

It should be noted that linear equations in two variables can also be represented in graphical form.

Quadratic Equation and Formula

The standard form of a Quadratic Equation is:

Algebraic formulas

• (a+b)² = a² + b² + 2ab
• (a-b)² = a² + b² – 2ab
• (a+b) (a-b) = a² – b²
• (x + a)(x + b) = x² + (a + b)x + ab
• (x + a)(x – b) = x² + (a – b)x – ab
• (x – a)(x + b) = x² + (b – a)x – ab
• (x – a)(x – b) = x² – (a + b)x + ab
• (a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b)
• (a – b)³ = a³ – b³ – 3ab(a – b)
• (x + y + z)² = x² + y² + z² + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz
• (x + y – z)² = x² + y² + z² + 2xy – 2yz – 2xz
• (x – y + z)² = x² + y² + z² – 2xy – 2yz + 2xz
• (x – y – z)² = x² + y² + z² – 2xy + 2yz – 2xz
• x³ + y³ + z³ – 3xyz = (x + y + z)(x² + y² + z² – xy – yz -xz)
• x² + y² =½ [(x + y)² + (x – y)²]
• (x + a) (x + b) (x + c) = x³ + (a + b +c)x² + (ab + bc + ca)x + abc
• x³ + y³= (x + y) (x² – xy + y²)
• x³ – y³ = (x – y) (x² + xy + y²)
• x² + y² + z² -xy – yz – zx = ½ [(x-y)² + (y-z)² + (z-x)²]

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Basic formulas for powers

• p^m x pⁿ = p^m+n
• {p^m}⁄{pⁿ} = p^m-n
• (p^m)ⁿ = p^mn
• p^-m = 1/p^m
• p¹ = p
• P⁰ = 1

Arithmetic Progression(AP) Formulas

If a₁, a₂, a₃, a₄, a₅, a₆,_… are the terms of AP and d is the common difference between each term, then we can write the sequence as; a_, a+d, a+2d, a+3d, a+4d, a+5d,….,nth term… where a is the first term. Now, n^th term for arithmetic progression is given as;

Sum of the first n terms in Arithmetic Progression;

Trigonometry Formulas For Class 10

Trigonometry maths formulas for Class 10 cover three major functions Sine, Cosine and Tangent for a right-angle triangle. Also, in trigonometry, the functions sec, cosec and cot formulas can be derived with the help of sin, cos and tan formulas.

Let a right-angled triangle ABC is right-angled at point B and have \(\angle \theta\).

Sin θ= \(\frac{Side\, opposite\, to\, angle\, \theta}{Hypotenuse}\)=\(\frac{Perpendicular}{Hypotenuse}\) = P/H

Cos θ = \(\frac{Adjacent\, side\, to\, angle\, \theta}{Hypotenuse}\) = \(\frac{Base}{Hypotenuse}\) = B/H

Tan θ = \(\frac{Side\, opposite\, to\, angle\, \theta}{Adjacent\, side\, to\, angle\, \theta}\) = P/B

Sec θ = \(\frac{1}{cos\, \theta }\)

Cot θ = \(\frac{1}{tan\, \theta }\)

Cosec θ = \(\frac{1}{sin\, \theta }\)

Tan θ = \(\frac{Sin\, \theta }{Cos\, \theta }\)

Trigonometry Table:

Other Trigonometric formulas:

• sin(90° – θ) = cos θ
• cos(90° – θ) = sin θ
• tan(90° – θ) = cot θ
• cot(90° – θ) = tan θ
• sec(90° – θ) = cosecθ
• cosec(90° – θ) = secθ
• sin²θ + cos² θ = 1
• sec² θ = 1 + tan²θ for 0° ≤ θ < 90°
• Cosec² θ = 1 + cot² θ for 0° ≤ θ ≤ 90°

Get complete Trigonometry Formulas list here

Circles Formulas For Class 10

• Circumference of the circle = 2 π r
• Area of the circle = π r²
• Area of the sector of angle θ = (θ/360) × π r²
• Length of an arc of a sector of angle θ = (θ/360) × 2 π r

(r = radius of the circle)

Surface Area and Volumes Formulas For Class 10

The common formulas from the surface area and volumes chapter in 10^th class include the following:

• Sphere Formulas

• Cylinder Formulas

• Cone Formulas

• Cuboid Formulas

Here, l = length, b = breadth and h = height. In case of Cube, put l = b = h = a, as cube all its sides of equal length, to find the surface area and volumes.

Statistics Formulas for Class 10

In class 10, the chapter statistics mostly deals with finding the mean, median and mode of grouped data.

(I) The mean of the grouped data can be found by 3 methods.

1. Direct Method: x̅ = \(\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}f_i x_i}{\sum_{i=1}^{n}f_i}\), where ∑f_i x_i is the sum of observations from value i = 1 to n And ∑f_i is the number of observations from value i = 1 to n
2. Assumed mean method : x̅ = \(a+\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}f_i d_i}{\sum_{i=1}^{n}f_i}\)
3. Step deviation method : x̅ = \(a+\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}f_i u_i}{\sum_{i=1}^{n}f_i}\times h\)

(II) The mode of grouped data:

Mode = \(l+\frac{f_1 – f_0}{2f_1 – f_0 – f_2} \times h\)

(III) The median for a grouped data:

Median = \(l+\frac{\frac{n}{2} – cf}{f} \times h\)

More Formulas for Class 10

• Geometry Formulas For Class 10
• Algebra Formulas for Class 10
• Mensuration Formulas Class 10
• Trigonometry Formulas For Class 10

Check out more important Class 10 maths resources from below: